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Excel Financial Functions
This page lists the built-in Excel Financial Functions. These functions perform many of the common financial calculations, such as the calculation of yield, interest rates, duration, valuation and depreciation.
The tables below list all the current built-in Excel Financial functions, grouped by category. Selecting a function name will take you to a full description of the function with examples of use and advice on common errors.
Note that some of the functions were first introduced in Excel 2013 and so are not available in earlier versions of Excel.
Excel Financial Functions List
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| FVSCHEDULE | Calculates the future value of an initial principal, after applying a series of compound interest rates | | PDURATION | Calculates the number of periods required for an investment to reach a specified value (New in Excel 2013) | | RRI | Calculates the interest rate required for an investment to grow to a specified future value (New in Excel 2013) | | |
| EFFECT | Calculates the effective annual interest rate from a supplied Nominal interest rate and number of periods | | NOMINAL | Calculates the annual nominal interest rate from a supplied Effective interest rate and number of periods | | |
| ACCRINT | Calculates the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest | | ACCRINTM | Calculates the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity | | DISC | Calculates the discount rate for a security | | DURATION | Calculates the Macauley duration of a security with an assumed par value of $100 | | INTRATE | Calculates the interest rate for a fully invested security | | MDURATION | Calculates the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100 | | ODDFPRICE | Calculates the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period | | ODDFYIELD | Calculates the yield of a security with an odd first period | | ODDLPRICE | Calculates the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period | | ODDLYIELD | Calculates the yield of a security with an odd last period | | PRICE | Calculates the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest | | PRICEDISC | Calculates the price per $100 face value of a discounted security | | PRICEMAT | Calculates the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity | | RECEIVED | Calculates the amount received at maturity for a fully invested Security | | YIELD | Calculates the yield of a security that pays periodic interest | | YIELDDISC | Calculates the annual yield of a discounted security | | YIELDMAT | Calculates the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity | | |
| COUPDAYBS | Calculates the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date | | COUPDAYS | Calculates the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date | | COUPDAYSNC | Calculates the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date | | COUPNCD | Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date | | COUPNUM | Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date | | COUPPCD | Returns the previous coupon date, before the settlement date | | |
| TBILLEQ | Calculates the bond-equivalent yield for a treasury bill | | TBILLPRICE | Calculates the price per $100 face value for a treasury bill | | TBILLYIELD | Calculates the yield for a treasury bill |
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| CUMIPMT | Calculates the cumulative interest paid between two specified periods | | CUMPRINC | Calculates the cumulative principal paid on a loan, between two specified periods | | FV | Calculates the future value of an investment with periodic constant payments and a constant interest rate | | IPMT | Calculates the interest payment for a given period of an investment, with periodic constant payments and a constant interest rate | | ISPMT | Returns the interest paid during a specified period of an investment | | NPER | Returns the number of periods for an investment with periodic constant payments and a constant interest rate | | PMT | Calculates the payments required to reduce a loan, from a supplied present value to a specified future value | | PPMT | Calculates the payment on the principal for a given investment, with periodic constant payments and a constant interest rate | | PV | Calculates the present value of an investment (i.e. the total amount that a series of future periodic constant payments is worth now) | | RATE | Calculates the interest rate required to pay off a specified amount of a loan, or reach a target amount on an investment over a given period | | |
| IRR | Calculates the internal rate of return for a series of periodic cash flows | | MIRR | Calculates the internal rate of return for a series of periodic cash flows, considering the cost of the investment and the interest on the reinvestment of cash | | NPV | Calculates the net present value of an investment, based on a supplied discount rate, and a series of periodic cash flows | | |
| XIRR | Calculates the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows occurring at a series of supplied dates | | XNPV | Calculates the net present value for a schedule of cash flows occurring at a series of supplied dates | | |
| AMORDEGRC | Calculates the prorated linear depreciation of an asset for each accounting period (with depreciation coefficient applied, depending on the life of the asset) | | AMORLINC | Calculates the prorated linear depreciation of an asset for each accounting period | | DB | Calculates the depreciation of an asset for a specified period, using the fixed-declining balance method | | DDB | Calculates the depreciation of an asset for a specified period, using the double-declining balance method, or some other user-specified method | | SLN | Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period | | SYD | Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period | | VDB | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period, (including partial periods), using the double-declining balance method or another user-specified method | | |
| DOLLARDE | Converts a dollar price expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price expressed as a decimal | | DOLLARFR | Converts a dollar price expressed as a decimal, into a dollar price expressed as a fraction |
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See the Microsoft Office website for an excellent article showing practical examples of the NPV and IRR functions.