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The main Excel VBA Conditional Statements are the If ... Then statement and the Select Case statement. Both of these statement types assess on or more conditions and tell the program what actions to execute, depending on the outcome of the conditions. The two Conditional Statement types are discussed individually below.

The Visual Basic If ... Then Statement

The If ... Then statement tests a condition and if it evaluates to true, carries out a set of actions. The format of the statement is:


In the above if statement, the ElseIf and the Else parts of the conditional statement can be left out if desired.

The example below shows the If ... Then statement being used to color the current active cell, depending on the value of the cell contents.

The Visual Basic Select Case Statement

The Select Case statement is similar to an If ... Then statement, in that it tests an expression, and carries out different actions, depending on the value of the expression.

The format of the Select Case statement is:


In the above code block, the Case Else part of the conditional statement is optional.

The example below shows the Select Case statement being used to color the current active cell, depending on the value of the cell contents.



The above example illustrates different ways of defining the different Cases in the Select Case statement. These are:

Case Is <= 5	This is an example of how you can test if your expression satisfies a condition such as <= 5 by using the keyword Case Is
Case 6, 7, 8, 9	This is an example of how you can test if your expression evaluates to any one of several values, by separating the possible values by commas
Case 10	This is an example of the basic test of whether your expression evaluates to a specific value
Case Else	This is an example of the 'Else' condition, which is executed if your expression hasn't matched any of the previous cases

Note that as soon as one case in the Select Case statement is matched, and the corresponding actions executed, the whole Select Case statement is exited. Therefore, you will never get entry into more than one of the listed cases.