The Excel VDB Function
Variable Declining Balance Depreciation
When calculating the depreciation of an asset, it is common to use an accelerated depreciation calculation, in which the calculated value of an asset is reduced by a larger amount during the first period of its lifetime, and smaller amounts during subsequent periods. One of the most popular accelerated depreciation methods is the Double Declining-Balance Method, in which the straight-line depreciation rate is doubled. A useful example of this is provided on the Wikipedia depreciation page The Excel VDB function uses the Double Declining-Balance Method by default. However, the function allows you to specify a factor to multiply the straight line depreciation by, therefore allowing the user to determine the rate of depreciation. Basic DescriptionThe Excel VDB function calculates the depreciation of an asset, using the Double Declining Balance Method, or another specified depreciation rate, for a specified period (including partial periods). The format of the function is :
VDB( cost, salvage, life, start_period, end_period, [factor], [no_switch] )
where the arguments are as shown in the table below:
VDB Function ExampleIn the example on the right, the VDB function uses the double declining depreciation method to calculate the depreciation across different periods, of an asset that cost $10,000 at the start of year 1, and has a salvage value of $1,000 after 5 years. The formulas are shown in the top spreadsheet, and the results are shown in the bottom spreadsheet. Note that the sum of the depreciations from year 1, years 2 & 3, and years 4 & 5 add up to $9,000, so the asset value at the end of year 5 is, $10,000 - $9,000 = $1,000
which, as expected, is the specified salvage value. Note also, that, as the [factor] and [no_switch] arguments are omitted from the examples, these arguments take the default values of 2 and FALSE respectively.
VDB Function Example 2If, in the example above, you wanted to find the depreciation for a partial period, eg. for 1 month, you would need to specify the life, start_period and end_period arguments in terms of months. This is shown in the spreadsheet on the right. The life argument of 5 years is equal to 60 months, the first month is specified as periods 0 to 1, the first six-months are specified as periods 0 to 6, etc. Further examples of the Excel VDB function can be found on the Microsoft Office website. Trouble ShootingIf you get an error from the Excel VDB Function, this is likely to be one of the following : Common Errors
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